Banca de DEFESA: NATALIA VOGEL

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : NATALIA VOGEL
DATE: 10/04/2024
TIME: 09:30
LOCAL: Campus Feliz (https://meet.google.com/src-yjzo-zod)
TITLE:

ADDITION OF POROGENIC AGENT, PERFORMANCE AND REMOVAL OF MICROPLASTICS FROM CERAMIC FILTER DEVELOPED FROM CLAY AND GLASS WASTE

KEY WORDS:

Ceramic filter. Waste glass. Yerba mate. Microplastics.

PAGES: 98
BIG AREA: Engenharias
AREA: Engenharia de Materiais e Metalúrgica
SUBÁREA: Materiais Não-Metálicos
SPECIALTY: Cerâmicos
SUMMARY:

Over the years, the production of plastic has grown rapidly, and this material has become the most widely used by humans today. As a result, the pollution of this material in the soil, water and air has become a major problem, as it takes years to degrade. Its degradation can lead to microplastics that can cause the death of birds and fish, as well as increasing the chance of a heart attack in humans. Due to their size, removing microplastics from water is a major challenge. Therefore, in order to retain microplastics present in water, and thinking of a simple and low-cost device, the aim of the work was to develop a ceramic filter based on clay and glass waste, evaluating the effects of adding a porogenic agent (ilex paraguariensis waste - after infusion). We used 0, 10 and 20% yerba mate residue, keeping 10% glass residue in all the formulations. The raw materials were milled, sieved, humidified (8% water - by mass), pressed at 20 MPa, dried and sintered at low firing temperatures of 900 and 950 °C with a heating rate of 1.6 °C/min and a plateau of 5 min. Rectangular ceramic filters were obtained to evaluate the characteristics of the firing process, such as loss on firing and linear shrinkage, and the physical properties of the filters, such as water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent density and flexural strength. Circular samples were made to evaluate the filters in terms of mass flow by applying different pressures, leaching of elements with sodium and potassium and retention of microplastics, and an apparatus was developed for these tests. The surface structure of the filters was also checked using optical microscopy (50x magnification). The microplastic suspension was prepared with 0.2 g of polystyrene (PS) in 400 mL of distilled water, and its retention by the ceramic filter was checked using turbidity analysis. The results obtained showed that the apparent porosity and water absorption of the formulation containing 20% yerba mate and sintered at 900 °C were higher than the other formulations, but showed low mechanical strength and generated fractures in its structure when pressure above 100 kPa was applied. The porosity of the material also influenced a higher mass flow rate and resulted in a lower retention of microplastics (97.30%). The formulation with the lowest porosity, i.e. without the addition of the porogenic agent, achieved 99.77% retention. The leaching of sodium and potassium elements from the ceramic filter developed was insignificant. It can therefore be concluded that a simple ceramic filter can retain microplastics well, as long as the filtration pressure and the amount of porosity are optimized to achieve the best results.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1580090 - ANDRE ZIMMER
Externo ao Programa - 2402348 - MATHEUS FELIPE PEDROTTI
Externa ao Programa - 1795122 - NICEIA CHIES DA FRE
Externa ao Programa - 2383749 - SUYANNE ANGIE LUNELLI BACHMANN
Externo à Instituição - SAULO ROCA BRAGANCA